There is a lot of debate in finance about the Efficient Market Hypothesis, and to what extent it applies to real markets. I’m generally an efficient markets proponent, but that’s not what this article is about. What I’d like to discuss is a lesser known side-effect of the Efficient Market Hypothesis that no one really talks about.
Continue reading “The Flip-side of Efficient Markets: It’s Hard to be Bad”What is Bitcoin?
Bitcoin is a monetary system. The best way to understand it is in comparison to two other monetary technologies: the gold standard and the U.S. Federal Reserve. In both of these systems, you need a way to control how much money exists (supply), and how people give it to each other (exchange). Bitcoin is simply one more way to implement supply and exchange of currency.
Bitcoin is also a thing that random d-bags talk about to each other, and to their bored dates. We will not discuss that aspect of bitcoin here but it’s actually the predominant societal aspect of bitcoin.
This article was originally posted on December 14, 2015 and updated on December 1, 2021.
Should I Buy A New Car?
For several years, I’ve been thinking about buying a car. This is a big deal for me, because I have owned exactly one vehicle in my life, a 2004 Ford Ranger. He’s my buddy. I feel bad about looking for a new one, but it’s time (or so I thought). One consequence of my vehicle loyalty is that I haven’t given any thought to buying a car since long before I was interested in financial planning.
It’s pretty confusing! So I want to share my thought process here to illustrate 1) a way to think about buying cars, and 2) how the economics of car ownership can be an example of how we can use a financial modeling approach to simplify other complicated decisions.
Continue reading “Should I Buy A New Car?”Reading List – 5 December 2019
Great example of status quo bias in an article about the flu this week. And EU privacy laws are helping a murderer wipe his history from Google. Fun stuff!
- The “Right to be Forgotten” doubles back and shoots the shark. Volokh Conspiracy. Wow! So now EU privacy laws are responsible for something even worse than cookie popups everywhere.
- Why doesn’t the flu freak us out more? Futurity. File this one under “Cognitive Biases: Status Quo Bias”. Same reason why people aren’t deathly afraid of riding in cars.
- Trump Didn’t Shrink U.S. Military Commitments Abroad—He Expanded Them. Foreign Affairs. In my private life I’ve frequently tempered my criticism of President Trump by saying something along the lines of, “But I like that he’s bringing troops home.” I guess that’s just a myth?
- Big Calculator: How Texas Instruments Monopolized Math Class. Medium. Isn’t this supposed to be impossible in a market economy? What prevents competition here?
- How Not To Die. Paul Graham. Personally inspirational.
Reading List – 14 November 2019
The most important financial news of the past two weeks is that scientists have discovered that Jackson Pollock’s technique cleverly avoided a characteristic of fluid dynamics that leads to unwanted curly tails on paint pourings. Finance!
- Pollock paintings avoid a curly physics problem. futurity.com.
- You silly, silly people. Tyler Cowen. Politics… don’t matter.
- The Myth of the Nazi War Machine. Notes on Liberty.
- Lindsey Graham keeps moving the goalposts to downplay Trump’s Ukraine dealings. Vox. I think a lot of the drama that has unfolded with the Trump administration was fairly predictable in 2016, but one thing that has surprised me is the absolute downfall of Sen. Lindsey Graham as a serious person.
- Stab a Book, the Book Won’t Die. Craigmod.
- Immediate brain plasticity after one hour of brain–computer interface. Journal of Physiology. Brains are so, so cool.
- It’s Time to Take Down the Mona Lisa. NY Times.
- How to Steal a Billion. Oversharing. In the future, it will be good to think back and remember the WeWork saga whenever a financial guy in a suit is trying to tell you he has a special understanding of the marketplace.
What Are Repo Rates and Why Are They Messed Up?
Two weeks ago, something weird happened in the lending markets that businesses and banks use to shuffle their spending money around. A sharp increase in repo rates resulted in the Federal Reserve conducting its first major intervention in short term lending markets since the 2008 credit crisis.
Continue reading “What Are Repo Rates and Why Are They Messed Up?”Wednesday Reading List – 25 September 2019
An extra long list this week to catch up after Hurricane Dorian. Favorite quote this week: “Thus, accumulating evidence shows that over-representation of males in STEM fields is perhaps better framed as under-representation of males in reading fields and the latter is driven by relatively low reading achievement among males.”
- Circumstances in Which I Will Not Pet Your Dog. New Yorker. Yep, pretty much.
- Girls’ comparative advantage in reading can largely explain the gender gap in math-related fields. Marginal Revolution. Evidence that the gender gap in math/science is primarily caused by boys being terrible at reading in school.
- Active Learning Works But Students Don’t Like It. Marginal Revolution, again.
- The American Working Man Still Isn’t Working. Foreign Affairs. I was quite shocked by the fact that 13.7% of men age 25-54 are not working, up from 12.8% in 2007.
- Greta Thunberg Is the Anti-Trump. New Yorker. When I was sixteen I mostly played Mortal Kombat Trilogy all day after school. Inspiring!
- A crack just emerged in the financial markets: The NY Fed spends $53 billion to rescue the overnight lending market. CNN Business. Odd.
- A Lunar Space Elevator Is Actually Feasible & Inexpensive, Scientists Find. Observer. Science is so cool.
- Physicists Finally Nail the Proton’s Size, and Hope Dies. Quanta Magazine. Even when science is kind of boring, it’s still so cool.
- The boring technology behind a one-person internet company. Wenbin Fang, ListenNotes. Not investment-related at all, but I loved this article and found it encouraging as a fellow one-person internet company.
Wednesday Reading List – 14 August 2019
I really enjoyed the article about Google’s internal culture, but the key article this week is a short blog from PIMCO on the possibility of negative interest rates in the U.S.
- How Government Prolonged the Lobotomy. AIER. Super creepy.
- What is Amazon? Zack Canter. HT Tyler Cowen.
- Study: many of the “oldest” people in the world may not be as old as we think. Vox. I feel like this type of thing is going to pop up more and more as people do Big Data things.
- Three Years of Misery Inside Google, the Happiest Company in Tech. Wired.
- How One City Saved $5 Million by Routing School Buses with an Algorithm. Route Fifty.
- GitHub Stars Won’t Pay Your Rent. Medium.
- Interest Rates: Naturally Negative? PIMCO. The world is not prepared for a negative dollar interest rate.
Friday Reading List – 2 August 2019
Support for minimum wage hikes, food stamps, passive indexing, and free trade. I’m kind of all over the place this week. Plus an engraving of Adam Smith wearing one of those cool wigs like a boss.
- Congress has never let the federal minimum wage erode for this long. Economic Policy Institute.
- Verdict Is In: Food Stamps Put Poor Kids on Path to Success. Bloomberg.
- Trump Says U.S. Will Hit China With More Tariffs. NY Times.
- Winner Takes All Applies to Stocks, Too. Barry Ritholtz. Barry interprets this data as providing encouragement to both active investors and passive indexers, but I see it as strongly supporting indexing, and no support for active investing.
- The progressive case for free trade. Vox. This is an interesting piece. I agree with all of it, but this is most definitely NOT a “progressive” case for free trade. It’s a concise outline of the basic economic, moral, and libertarian case for free trade. A+ on the article, F- on picking a title for the article.
Cognitive Bias Series: Confirmation Bias
This is Part 1 of a series of posts about various cognitive errors that lead to poor investment decisions. Part 1 deals with confirmation bias.
I know that most men—not only those considered clever, but even those who are very clever, and capable of understanding most difficult scientific, mathematical, or philosophic problems—can very seldom discern even the simplest and most obvious truth if it be such as to oblige them to admit the falsity of conclusions they have formed, perhaps with much difficulty—conclusions of which they are proud, which they have taught to others, and on which they have built their lives.
Tolstoy, What is Art, 1897
The average investor isn’t very good at it
The modern middle class investor beginning their retirement savings has full access to the same investments as the wealthiest and most sophisticated investors. Index funds and ETFs provide a cheap way to invest in the vast majority of global liquid assets. This has made the playing field for investing mostly flat, for the first time in history!
Despite this historically flat playing field, most investors don’t come anywhere close to a “market return”. Blackrock has compiled some data from 1997-2016 showing annual individual asset returns compared to the average investor: